KLINIK IZOLYATLARDA ANTIBIOTIKOREZISTENTLIKNING TARQALISHI VA UNI MONITORING QILISHNING ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLARI

Davlatova Shahlo Ikramovna

Keywords: Kalit soʻzlar: antibiotikorezistentlik, klinik izolyat, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBL, karbapenemaza, koʻp dorilarga chidamlilik, mikrobiologik monitoring, GLASS, antimicrobial stewardship.

---

Abstract

Annotatsiya. Maqolada 2023–2025-yillarda koʻp tarmoqli statsionar sharoitida ajratib olingan 613 ta klinik izolyatning antibiotiklarga sezgirligi retrospektiv tahlil qilindi. Izolyatlar disk-diffuziya (Kirby–Bauer) va mikrosuyultirish usullari yordamida EUCAST v.15.0 mezonlari asosida baholandi; kengaytirilgan spektrli beta-laktamaza (ESBL) hamda karbapenemaza ishlab chiqarish fenotipik testlar va polimeraza zanjir reaksiyasi (PZR) bilan tasdiqlandi. Tahlil grammanfiy patogenlarda rezistentlikning barqaror oʻsish tendensiyasini koʻrsatdi: ESBL ishlab chiqaruvchi Klebsiella pneumoniae ulushi 58,3 %dan 71,2 %gacha, karbapenemlarga chidamli shtammlar ulushi esa 12,4 %dan 21,7 %gacha koʻtarildi (p<0,05). Olingan maʼlumotlar empirik antibiotikoterapiya protokollarini mahalliy rezistentlik xaritasi asosida qayta koʻrib chiqish va antimikrob preparatlar isteʼmolini boshqarish (antimicrobial stewardship) tizimini bosqichma-bosqich joriy etish zarurligini asoslaydi.

---

References

1. World Health Organization. Global antibiotic resistance surveillance report 2025. — Geneva: WHO, 2025. — ISBN 978-92-4-011633-7. URL: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116337

2. Murray C.J.L., Ikuta K.S., Sharara F. et al. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis // The Lancet. — 2022. — Vol. 399, № 10325. — P. 629–655. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02724-0

3. World Health Organization. WHO bacterial priority pathogens list, 2024. — Geneva: WHO, 2024. — 72 p. URL: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240093461

4. Sati H., Carrara E., Savoldi A. et al. The WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List 2024: a prioritisation study to guide research, development, and public health strategies against antimicrobial resistance // The Lancet Infectious Diseases. — 2025. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00118-5

5. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 15.0, 2025. URL: https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints

6. WHO Regional Office for Europe. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in the WHO European Region, 2023: 2022 data (CAESAR). — Copenhagen: WHO/Europe, 2023. URL: https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/9789289062084

7. Magiorakos A.-P., Srinivasan A., Carey R.B. et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance // Clinical Microbiology and Infection. — 2012. — Vol. 18, № 3. — P. 268–281. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x

8. Maczynska B., Frej-Madrzak M., Sarowska J. et al. Evolution of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in a multi-profile hospital over 5 years (2017–2021) // Journal of Clinical Medicine. — 2023. — Vol. 12, № 6. — Art. 2414. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062414